Operational XRO Climate Forecasts
Niño3.4 and Relative Niño3.4 SST anomalies monthly forecast
The plumes show monthly Niño3.4 and relative Niño3.4 SST anomaly forecasts relative to the 1991–2020 climatology. Forecasts are generated using the XRO framework and uninitializted sensitivity experiments designed to isolate the contributions of different ocean-basin SST modes to ENSO evolution.
- XRO Forecast — CTRL forecast
- w/o ExPO — excludes extratropical Pacific NPMM and SPMM effects.
- w/o IO+AO — excludes tropical Indian and Atlantic Ocean SST variability.
- w/o ExPO+IO+AO — excludes both ExPO and tropical IO/AO influences.
Differences between the CTRL forecast and the sensitivity experiments provide an estimate of the contributions of SST initial conditions in the extratropical Pacific, tropical Indian Ocean, and tropical Atlantic to the predicted evolution of ENSO.
Disclaimer:
The XRO forecast is provided for informational and academic research purposes and is not intended for production use. This website and its affiliated entities expressly disclaim any liability for decisions or actions based on the reliance on this information. Furthermore, no responsibility is assumed for any consequential, special, or similar damages resulting from such reliance.